Tuesday, November 27, 2007

Lecture 29, 11/26; Infectious Diseases, Micro Terms

Audio for today's lecture is available here.

Quote of the day: “I haven’t slept with anybody. I’m as pure as the driven snow.”

RANDOM
Lab test a week from Monday the 26th
Know the nitrogen cycle for the final
Microbes in the News
5 bonus points for going to a presentation this week about AIDS. Give him single page of what we learned – due next Monday Dec. 3.

  • LECTURE
  • Quick overview of handout from 11/26 “A STUDY GUIDE FOR MICROBIAL PAHTOGENS”
    • • Streptococcus pyogenes – strep throat. Sometimes called acute pharyngitis. Rheumatic heart disease or rheumatic fever. Gram positive cocci in chains. Beta hemalitic
    • • Puerperal fever – Semmelweis and Holmes
    • • Food Borne and Water Borne
      • • Botulism is food borne
      • • Shigella dysenteriae is water
      • • Vibrio cholerae – water
  • • Soil Borne and Arthropod borne
    • • Clostridium tetani – spores
    • • Borrelia burgdorferi – lyme, tics
  • • STD’s
    • • Chlamydia
    • • Clostridium difficile – pseudo membranous colitis. Overdose of oral antibiotics. All good guys in gut die and this organism takes over
  • • VIRAL
    • • Rhinoviruses - cold
    • • VZV – shingles
  • • FUNGAL DISEASES
    • • Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia PCP. → It’s a fungus.
  • • Other handout from 11/27/07 “Infection and Disease”
    • • Incubation period: time between exposure and first symptoms
      • o staphylococcal food poisoning has a short incubation period – 1-7hrs
      • o long incubation period – leprosy, AIDS
      • o streptococcal sore throat – 2-5days
    • • commonly reported diseases
      • o chlamydia
      • o gonorrhea
      • o salmonellosis
      • o AIDS
      • o Pertussis
      • o Varicella – chicken pox
      • o Lyme
      • o Giardiasis
      • o Shigellosis
      • o TB
  • • Infectious diseases summary on page 5 on handout from 11/26 “Infection and Disease” Page labeled → “Summary of Events in the Transmission of Disease”
  • • Definitions p 2 of handout 11/26 “Infection and Disease”
    • o Bacteremia – bacteria in the blood. Flossing can give you this if you break capillaries with the floss → Strep mutans
    • o Carrier – typhoid mary, patient 0 (history of AIDS)
    • o Disease – (look up in glossary). Tell diseases apart by symptoms.
    • o Endemic – low number but constant. Gonorrhea is an example.
    • o Endotoxin – Gram (-) organisms have it. Part of the cell wall.
    • o Enteropathogenic – causes problems in the intestine.
    • o Enterotoxin – has to do with the gut, intestine → diarrhea
    • o Epidemic – high number of cases. Example AIDS in Africa.
    • o Etiology – a.k.a. cause. Salmonella typhi → typhoid fever
    • o Exotoxin – toxin made inside the cell and then secreted
      • • Clostridium tetani – locks your jaw
      • • Clistridium botulinum – atoxin
      • • Corinii bacterium diphtheria – unique cellular arrangement
    • o Infection – something an organism causes. Localized infection (in one place) or systemic infections. Example of opportunistic → Candida albicans (doesn’t get started till something else happens) yeast infection.
    • o Nosocomial disease – from the hospital
    • o Pathogen – any organisms that can cause disease. Some are extremely virulent (doesn’t take many organisms to cause infection). Some are opportunistic and need many more organisms to cause and problems.
    • o Toxemia – toxins in the blood
    • o Toxoid – detoxified toxin. Example: used primarily in vaccines.
      • • Dpt vaccines; diphtheria and tetanus are both toxoids. They are given to us so that we will form antibodies against those organisms in case we ever see them. (fyi: “p” is for purtussis)

No comments: